On 16/8/22 12:56, TP wrote:
>

>

> Augmentation of legacy systems around the world is now practically at

> a standstill.


Because every one is running out of money. Even new construction is
slowing and system upgrades are being deferred.

I give it less than 10 years and 'legacy' railways will be automating
under 'Automatic Train Protection' upgrades. They will slowly work up
the 'Grades of Automation' ladder.

Once Sydney Trains 'digital railway' project gets underway, providing
'GoA1', it will morph to GoA2 and keep going. I give it 20 years (unless
Sydney Trains get starved of cash again) and they will be at Go3
automation - some one's still on board, but their main role is passenger
supervision, the train will be driving itself.

Both France and Germany are running technology trials of on rural mixed
traffic lines of autonomous train operations for both freight and
passenger trains. The robots are coming.

I can see a day coming when children will be reluctant to get on a
museum tram for a ride because a person is operating it not a machine.